NMD-VCell Neuromuscular Virtual Cell Research Platform Module: Virtual Cell Studio · Evidence → perturbation → experiment → outcome NMD = neuromuscular disorders

Release 2026.08DMD context observedDMD candidate-conditioned prediction not yet eligible

View scientific status
Evidence freeze: 3 August 2026 Resource: v1.2.0-measured-dmd-evidence Schema: 1.1 Open release status →

Perturbation Cascade Network · Stage C1

Measured candidate responses now drive a bounded pathway cascade into DMD hypotheses.

Real CRISPRi responses for 21 candidates seed a 1,360-node Reactome network. Topology propagation, competitive pathway support, heterogeneity and DMD projection are exposed as separate evidence states, so a coupled pathway hypothesis can be explored without being mislabeled as a measured DMD candidate response.

What changed: The candidate statistical bridge adds cell-level exploratory differential expression, Reactome cameraPR competition, deterministic split-half direction checks and cross-source heterogeneity to the Stage C1 cascade. It still emits no measured DMD candidate response, calibrated treatment probability or therapeutic recommendation.

Candidate pathway cascades · PCN-v0.1

One perturbation can reorganize many coupled pathways, with every inference layer labeled.

Summary JSON28,560 pathway rows RO-Crate only · open manifestChecksums
Candidate perturbations21all observed in source assay
Response genes9,623measured HepG2 panel
Pathway nodes1,360Reactome release 97
Topology edges11,336top-12 overlap graph
Prospective priorities3ADAM10 · CALR · MPHOSPH6
Validation designPrespecifiedprospective DMD study
Measured HepG2 CRISPRi deltaReactome topology predictionCross-context DMD projectionProspective DMD validation study
Six-panel candidate pathway cascade network showing Reactome topology, candidate effects, DMD projections, holdout controls, reliability and abstention decisions.
Figure 5. The graph reconstructs held-out pathway structure substantially better than permuted topology and cross-candidate controls. Because Reactome pathways share genes, this is a topology diagnostic, not independent biological validation.
Graph held-out Spearman0.767median across 105 candidate-fold tests
Permuted topology0.022median Spearman
Cross-candidate mean0.055median Spearman
External DMD organoidsHeterogeneousstress test, not replication success
CandidateSource cellsPathway split-half ρGraph CV ρPermuted CV ρDMD rescue projection ρCorrection alignment ρDecision
ADAM101610.8180.8600.1130.3310.082Prospective DMD Perturb-seq
CALR860.4140.7660.0590.1930.123Prospective DMD Perturb-seq
MPHOSPH6830.7520.8570.0040.1510.189Prospective DMD Perturb-seq
What is genuinely new

Candidate-level pathway changes are now measured in the source perturbation assay and propagated through an explicit network. The cascade can reveal coordinated downstream modules instead of a single-gene score.

What remains unproven

The three priorities are cross-context hypotheses. The other 18 candidates retain explicit abstention reasons, and none of the 21 has yet returned an independent DMD-muscle perturbation outcome.

Candidate statistical bridge · PCB-v0.2

Competitive pathway tests now expose both projected reversal and cross-source instability.

Reactome tests28,938cameraPR across 21 candidates
FDR-supported pairs1,830source-context exploratory
Direction-robust pairs1,782direct + split A + split B
Projected reversals3,210three DMD source axes
Median source I296.18%descriptive heterogeneity stress test
Prospective panel24 slots8 candidate targets + controls
Measured HepG2 cell responseReactome competitive testDMD-source projection + I2Prespecified prospective validation
Six-panel candidate statistical bridge showing source-context differential response, competitive Reactome pathways, DMD-source projections, heterogeneity and a prospective validation design.
Figure 6. Cell-level P values describe the HepG2 source object because no biological-replicate column is available. Reversal counts and Fisher-z/I2 summaries are cross-context stress tests; the final panel specifies the next DMD validation study.
Inferential unitCell-levelexploratory, no donor/batch column
Competition modelcameraPRinter-gene correlation 0.01
DMD sources3GSE233606 · GSE272233 · GSE277637
Validation designPrespecified8 targets + controls
What the statistics add

The release now separates raw differential-response burden, competitive Reactome support, deterministic direction stability and source-to-source heterogeneity. The network is therefore auditable beyond a visual pathway graph.

What the statistics cannot add

Cells are not biological replicates, pathways overlap and the DMD source axes are not independent trials. These calculations prioritize falsifiable experiments; they do not convert a cross-context projection into a virtual-cell outcome.

Observed subnetwork · GSE293514

Knockout → named complex → fusion phenotype, with exact evidence states.

Screened genes7,197split-toxin screen
Encoded hit genes31named module subset
Named complexes10 / 23plus MYMK reference
Grouped transcriptomic edges2qualitative only
GSE293514 pathway deltas0column identity locked
31 gene knockouts10 named complexes + MYMKfusion-defect endpoint17 individual-validation edges
transcriptional control

MyoD-TCF12-p300 cofactor complex

3/3 hits
  • MYOD1LFC 1.52 · FDR 5.50e-4individual validation
  • TCF12LFC 1.605 · FDR 5.50e-4individual validation
  • EP300LFC 0.555 · FDR 0.0702individual validation

Grouped CROP-seq: lowest myogenesis differentiation score group

Median member LFC 1.52. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

protein modification

SUMO activation complex

3/3 hits
  • SAE1LFC 1.282 · FDR 0.0207individual validation
  • UBA2LFC 0.704 · FDR 0.0935pooled screen only
  • UBE2ILFC 0.484 · FDR 0.0954pooled screen only

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 0.704. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

chromatin remodeling

ISWI chromatin remodelers

3/3 hits
  • SMARCA5LFC 0.884 · FDR 0.0557individual validation
  • RBBP4LFC 1.179 · FDR 0.0101individual validation
  • BPTFLFC 1.466 · FDR 5.50e-4individual validation

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 1.179. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

rna modification

m6A writer machinery

4/4 hits
  • METTL3LFC 2.159 · FDR 5.50e-4individual validation
  • METTL14LFC 2.231 · FDR 0.0043individual validation
  • WTAPLFC 1.925 · FDR 0.0032individual validation
  • ZC3H13LFC 1.522 · FDR 0.0192individual validation

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 2.042. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

transcriptional control

Negative cofactor 2 complex

2/2 hits
  • DR1LFC 1.502 · FDR 0.0182individual validation
  • DRAP1LFC 2.505 · FDR 5.50e-4individual validation

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 2.003. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

protein folding

Chaperonin TCP1 complex

3/3 hits
  • CCT3LFC 0.921 · FDR 0.0876pooled screen only
  • CCT5LFC 0.948 · FDR 0.066pooled screen only
  • TCP1LFC 0.787 · FDR 0.0876pooled screen only

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 0.921. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

vesicle trafficking

HOPS complex

2/2 hits
  • VPS33ALFC 0.796 · FDR 0.0174individual validation
  • VPS39LFC 0.579 · FDR 0.0281individual validation

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 0.688. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

rna stability

RNA stability regulators

2/2 hits
  • ILF3LFC 0.93 · FDR 0.0201pooled screen only
  • DHX9LFC 0.464 · FDR 0.0722pooled screen only

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 0.697. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

protein modification

N-terminal acetylation complex

3/3 hits
  • NAA30LFC 1.297 · FDR 0.0069individual validation
  • NAA35LFC 1.627 · FDR 0.0201pooled screen only
  • NAA38LFC 1.659 · FDR 0.0101individual validation

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 1.627. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

cytoskeleton transport

Dynein-associated complex

5/5 hits
  • ACTR10LFC 0.685 · FDR 0.0851pooled screen only
  • DCTN1LFC 0.717 · FDR 0.0923pooled screen only
  • DCTN5LFC 0.618 · FDR 0.0653pooled screen only
  • CAPZBLFC 0.626 · FDR 0.0378pooled screen only
  • DYNLRB1LFC 0.556 · FDR 0.0515pooled screen only

Grouped CROP-seq: no exact direction encoded

Median member LFC 0.626. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

fusion machinery

Myomaker fusogen reference

1/1 hits
  • MYMKLFC 1.076 · FDR 0.0025pooled screen only

Grouped CROP-seq: highest myogenesis differentiation score group

Median member LFC 1.076. This is a descriptive convergence summary, not a new module-level test.

Subset boundary: the publication reports 160 hits in 23 complexes and 1,286 PPIs. The article text names only a subset in machine-resolvable form, so this release encodes ten named complexes plus MYMK and does not invent the missing memberships.

State signatures

Reference signatures define what future pathway change must be scored against.

Download signature summary →
up

GSE293514_SEVEN_DONOR_UP_REFERENCE

150 genes

MYOG · ACTA1 · ERBB3 · ACTN2 · SRL · UNC45B · APOBEC2 · CDKN1C

observed unperturbed reference not perturbation delta
down

GSE293514_SEVEN_DONOR_DOWN_REFERENCE

137 genes

RRM2 · BIRC5 · CENPF · UBE2C · LMNB1 · ZWINT · HMGA1 · CKS2

observed unperturbed reference not perturbation delta
myocyte over myoblast

GSE293514_CROPSEQ_MYOCYTE_SIGNATURE

142 genes

CHRNG · ARPP21 · ACTA1 · TNNI1 · CACNA1S · MYBPH · CASQ2 · LDB3

observed signature definition not candidate delta
myoblast over myocyte

GSE293514_CROPSEQ_MYOBLAST_SIGNATURE

253 genes

MT2A · SERPINE1 · NPTX2 · MKI67 · TOP2A · HMGA2 · CENPF · NT5E

observed signature definition not candidate delta
Candidate-level CROP-seq lock

The matrix has 62,711 expression columns, while the recoverable public gene order has 62,710 rows. Do not attach gene symbols to the public CROP-seq matrix and do not emit candidate-level pathway deltas from it.

Current candidate audit

Nine candidates were measured; none was a published fusion hit.

Download 21-gene audit →

Twelve candidates were not in the MyoCRISPR library. A non-hit is specific to this healthy-myoblast fusion endpoint and must not be interpreted as “no DMD effect.”

GeneIn libraryScreen stateFusion LFCFDRInterpretation
ADAM10 Yes Assessed -0.0752 1 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
CALR Yes Assessed -0.0659 1 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
CPEB1 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
DDX19B Yes Assessed 0.0691 1 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
DNAAF3 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
DNM1 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
EHMT2 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
EPS8L1 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
GFOD2 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
INTS13 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
LMO2 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
MON1A Yes Assessed -0.107 1 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
MPHOSPH6 Yes Assessed 0.372 0.779 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
NAGLU Yes Assessed 0.0611 0.685 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
RAC3 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
RNASEH2C Yes Assessed 0.18 0.685 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
RNF8 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
WDR4 Yes Assessed -0.0103 1 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
ZFP69B No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY
ZNF133 Yes Assessed -0.0035 1 ASSESSED NO FUSION HIT AT FDR 0 1
ZNF236 No Not assessed NOT INCLUDED IN MYOCRISPR LIBRARY

DMD hypothesis layer

What still needs to be measured before the observed subnetwork can transfer.

Manual hierarchical layout · seed 42

Layout boundary: Node position is an explanatory layout artifact; only node identity, edge direction and evidence_state carry scientific meaning.

Functional validation scenarios

What the molecular cascade still cannot replace.

Evidence boundary: Stage C1 emits measured HepG2 pathway deltas and bounded topology predictions. These historical design scenarios identify the DMD molecular and functional outcomes still required; measured_dmd_pathway_delta, cell_state_delta and functional_effect remain absent.

PROPAGATION:ZNF133:MYOGENIC-FUSION:V93

ZNF133 target-specific propagation scenario

TARGET SPECIFIC CONTEXT NON HIT NO DMD MODEL INFERENCE
  1. ZNF133 CRISPRicontextual observed
  2. HepG2 CRISPRi responseobserved same assay
  3. Human-myoblast fusion screenobserved human myoblast screen
  4. Myogenic differentiationmeasured reference
  5. Fusion indexrequired endpoint
  6. Viability and toxicityrequired endpoint
  7. Independent DMD perturbation outcomemissing
hypothesis

Myogenic differentiation

Direction: direction not predicted current release

Measure together: fusion index · myotube marker panel · viability

Matched DMD/control myogenic perturbation with prespecified fusion and toxicity endpoints.
required endpoint

Fusion index

Direction: direction not predicted current release

Measure together: myotube area · nuclei per myotube · cell survival

Prospective effect margin and null/toxic interpretation frozen before outcomes are visible.
Measured DMD pathway deltaNo
Cell-state delta emittedNo
Functional effect emittedNo
Calibrated probabilityNo

Current interpretation: ZNF133 has a real healthy-myoblast screen result, but it is an endpoint-specific non-hit. The result weakens a generic fusion-defect claim without establishing absence of a DMD-context effect.

Next experiment: Only retain ZNF133 in a matched DMD/control pilot if its DMD-specific rationale is prespecified; measure target engagement, early transcriptome, fusion and viability together.

System coupling

The network makes downstream coupling explicit without inventing outcome truth.

31Observed myoblast screen edges

Exact healthy-human-myoblast LFC and FDR values anchor the functional network.

17Individual validation edges

Orthogonal gene-level validation is retained as a qualitative direction when no per-gene effect is published.

7Context and inferred bridges

DMD source-state, myogenic reference and regulatory priors organize possible propagation routes.

5Validation-gap edges

These edges point to the exact assays needed before any disease-response claim.

Focal cascades

Three candidate scenarios are audited for support, contradiction and missing target-context outcome.

Open 24-slot pilot →
CASCADE:ZNF133:MYOGENIC-FUSION

ZNF133 pathway-change hypothesis

  1. ZNF133 CRISPRiperturbation
  2. Human-myoblast fusion screenearly response
  3. Independent DMD perturbation outcomevalidation gap

The healthy-myoblast screen is an observed endpoint-specific non-hit; the DMD response remains unmeasured.

The non-hit constrains one healthy-myoblast fusion hypothesis but neither predicts nor excludes a DMD effect.
CASCADE:GFOD2:ENERGY-FUNCTION

GFOD2 pathway-change hypothesis

  1. GFOD2 CRISPRiperturbation
  2. HepG2 CRISPRi responseearly response
  3. DMD source-state programsregulatory pathway
  4. Mitochondrial energy moduleregulatory pathway
  5. Calcium and contractionfunctional endpoint
  6. Independent DMD perturbation outcomevalidation gap

Mechanism module remains audit pending and requires late functional truth.

External or contextual evidence cannot create a DMD function prediction.
CASCADE:CPEB1:CELL-STATE-SAFETY

CPEB1 pathway-change hypothesis

  1. CPEB1 perturbationperturbation
  2. HepG2 CRISPRi responseearly response
  3. NicheNet target-state priorregulatory pathway
  4. Proliferating myoblastcell state
  5. Viability and toxicityfunctional endpoint
  6. Prospective replicationvalidation gap

Safety and state-transition endpoints must be measured before interpreting mechanism.

The cascade records what would need to move together; it does not say that it will.

DMD hypothesis edge audit

Every proposed arrow states what evidence it has and what would unlock it.

ArrowMeaningEvidence stateBasisUnlock condition
PERT:ZNF133 → ASSAY:HEPG2_CRISPRIobserved response substrateobserved same assayProcessed HepG2 CRISPRi response vector exists for ZNF133.None for same-assay evidence; DMD transfer still locked.
PERT:GFOD2 → ASSAY:HEPG2_CRISPRIobserved response substrateobserved same assayProcessed HepG2 CRISPRi response vector exists for GFOD2.Audit pending external evidence before changing candidate status.
PERT:CPEB1 → ASSAY:HEPG2_CRISPRIobserved response substrateobserved same assayProcessed same-assay response can seed a candidate hypothesis.Run matched DMD/control myogenic perturbation before disease interpretation.
PERT:ZNF133 → ASSAY:MYOBLAST_CONTEXT_SCREENscreened; no fusion hitassessed no hitZNF133 was assessed in GSE293514 (positive-selection LFC -0.003533; FDR 0.999999) and did not meet the fusion-hit threshold.Do not infer no DMD effect; test a prespecified endpoint in matched DMD/control myogenic cells.
ASSAY:HEPG2_CRISPRI → PROGRAM:DMD_SOURCE_STATEcross-context comparisoncontextual bridgeSame-assay response is compared against DMD source-linked programs only as context.Establish transfer on a disease-relevant perturbation holdout.
PROGRAM:DMD_SOURCE_STATE → PROGRAM:NICHENET_TARGET_STATEregulatory target-state bridgeinferred bridgeNicheNet target-state evidence supplies regulatory context.Validate ligand-target or regulator-target mechanism in the declared cell context.
PROGRAM:DMD_SOURCE_STATE → PATHWAY:ECM_FIBROSISdisease module placementhypothesisDMD source-state evidence motivates an ECM/fibrosis module.Measure ECM or fibrosis readouts after candidate perturbation in DMD-relevant cells.
PROGRAM:NICHENET_TARGET_STATE → PATHWAY:IMMUNE_CROSSTALKcross-cell regulatory hypothesishypothesisRegulatory context motivates a cell-cell consequence module.Test causal cross-cell outcome or coculture readout.
ASSAY:MYOBLAST_CONTEXT_SCREEN → PATHWAY:MYOGENIC_DIFFERENTIATIONmyogenic bridgecontextual bridgeFusion-screen context links candidate selection to myogenic biology.Repeat with disease and matched-control perturbation outcome.
PATHWAY:MYOGENIC_DIFFERENTIATION → STATE:PROLIFERATING_MYOBLASTreference start statecontextual bridgeUnperturbed human-myogenic trajectory anchors the starting compartment.Add perturbation-conditioned cells at 0 h and early response times.
PATHWAY:MYOGENIC_DIFFERENTIATION → STATE:FUSING_MYOCYTEtransition contextcontextual bridgeThe platform can place a question on the myoblast-to-fusion axis.Measure candidate-specific state transition in DMD and control cells.
PATHWAY:MYOGENIC_DIFFERENTIATION → STATE:MATURING_MYOTUBElate state contextcontextual bridgeThe unperturbed trajectory includes a late reference state.Add perturbation-conditioned myotube maturation outcomes.
PATHWAY:MITO_ENERGY → FUNCTION:CALCIUM_CONTRACTIONfunction-coupled hypothesishypothesisEnergy-state changes would need to be tied to contractile readouts.Measure calcium handling and contraction under candidate perturbation.
PATHWAY:ECM_FIBROSIS → FUNCTION:MEMBRANE_INTEGRITYmatrix-function hypothesishypothesisECM remodeling could matter only if functional readouts change.Measure membrane injury or repair endpoint in the same experiment.
STATE:FUSING_MYOCYTE → FUNCTION:FUSION_INDEXstate-to-endpoint mappingcontextual bridgeFusion index is an interpretable endpoint for a myogenic transition.Freeze endpoint, effect margin and analysis before outcomes are visible.
STATE:MATURING_MYOTUBE → FUNCTION:CALCIUM_CONTRACTIONlate functional endpointhypothesisMature myotube state needs functional measurement before disease interpretation.Run late myotube function assay with viability co-readout.
STATE:PROLIFERATING_MYOBLAST → FUNCTION:VIABILITY_TOXICITYearly safety gatehypothesisAny apparent mechanism is uninterpretable without viability/toxicity checks.Include toxicity controls and reagent concordance in the pilot.
FUNCTION:FUSION_INDEX → GAP:DMD_PERTURBATION_TRUTHrequires DMD truthmissing validationNo candidate perturbation fusion outcome exists in matched DMD/control cells.Generate a registered DMD/control myogenic perturbation outcome.
FUNCTION:MEMBRANE_INTEGRITY → GAP:DMD_PERTURBATION_TRUTHrequires disease functional truthmissing validationNo membrane integrity endpoint is measured for current candidate perturbations.Add disease-relevant functional endpoint and analysis threshold.
FUNCTION:CALCIUM_CONTRACTION → GAP:DMD_PERTURBATION_TRUTHrequires muscle function truthmissing validationNo calcium or contraction outcome exists for the candidate perturbations.Measure late function in a matched, preregistered assay.
GAP:DMD_PERTURBATION_TRUTH → GAP:PROSPECTIVE_REPLICATIONmust replicate before claimmissing validationThe release has zero prospective predictions and zero returned outcomes.Register prediction, run blinded outcome, then replicate independently.
ASSAY:MYOBLAST_CONTEXT_SCREEN → GAP:DMD_PERTURBATION_TRUTHhealthy context cannot substitute DMD truthmissing validationThe observed GSE293514 fusion endpoint is from healthy human myoblasts and is not a matched DMD perturbation outcome.Generate a registered, donor-aware DMD/control perturbation study with molecular and functional readouts.

Claim boundary

The cascade is now predictive at pathway-topology level, not validated at DMD candidate level.

The release contains measured HepG2 candidate pathway deltas, Reactome topology cascade predictions, measured DMD induction/correction reference axes and cross-context DMD projections. It does not contain a measured candidate perturbation in DMD muscle, a calibrated treatment probability, functional rescue or a therapeutic recommendation.

{
  "network_schema": "nmd-vcell-perturbation-cascade-network/1.5",
  "analysis_release": "PCN-v0.3-20260804",
  "lifecycle_state": "MEASURED_SOURCE_RESPONSE_PLUS_BOUNDED_DMD_PROJECTION",
  "observed_human_myoblast_edges": 92,
  "measured_hepg2_candidate_responses": 21,
  "reactome_pathway_nodes": 1360,
  "reactome_topology_edges": 11336,
  "candidate_level_hepg2_pathway_delta_emitted": true,
  "topology_cascade_prediction_emitted": true,
  "cross_context_dmd_projection_emitted": true,
  "reactome_competitive_tests": 28938,
  "split_half_direction_robust_candidate_pathway_pairs": 1782,
  "projected_dmd_reversal_rows": 3210,
  "provisional_dmd_perturb_seq_priorities": 3,
  "measured_dmd_candidate_replications": 0,
  "validated_dmd_prediction_edges": 0
}